To be straightforward: I think no one these days knows about how to rank on Google any longer.
My traffic has doubled since the last update, but I have no idea whatsoever how that happened.
For new blog posts, I did do some 'good old fashioned SEO', with longtail keywords, or look what the competition is doing with the help of MOZ's domain authority checker. https://moz.com/domain-analysis
If a domain with as high DA as mine or even higher (hardly happens anymore, to be honest, I just have 1 competitor blog left, the other ranking higher are stores or big brands), ranks for a certain keyword on Moz, I use the keywords that are appropriate for my niche.
Other than that, I check topics on socials on what people in the niche are asking or talking about, and focus on that.
I don't use any other keyword tools at all anymore, no 'jaaxy', no ahreffs, etc.
I just write whatever I want to write about, and try to draw more traffic through socials. Sometimes, there are also keywords I wouldn't have thought about on Bing.
Also, remember the post on WA from Partha back then, where he explained to get rid of non performing posts (and redirect them?). I am in the middle of doing all of that, especially because I want to remain on Journey with my site.
So, that is basicly in Google Analytics = engagment = pages and screens, look for the post and see how much traffic I got in a year (so from all sources socials included), if it is less then 500-600, I just delete them or completely update them to something I consider to be very worthwhile keeping.
(the latter sometimes worked! I updated a review on my table craft saw, and it got back up on Google and even got a few affiliate sales again!)
(but mind you, this only happens if you have your own expertise in it and my own pictures/videos. I'm under the impression that only then Google takes you serious again, I even had a spike of traffic to a camera review on my other blog in Google discover. The spike was gone quickly though lol )
Also, especially in my niche, there can be lots of keywords I am still ranking for in Google, because they are 'AI overview-proof'. What I mean by that is, that Google's AI overview can not write a tutorial where I show with step by step pictures my crafting tutorials to 'create a miniature bench from popsicle sticks', or a step by step review where I assemble a DIY house kit. But I can't prove that.
Also, those former SEO's are now focussed on SEO for appearing in AI software like ChatGPT, trying to reinvent the wheel. While in my opinion, it is still just about writing good content, but a lot shorter than before, as people's attention span is quite short nowadays.
Again, I can't prove that lol, as I'm no statistics person.
While the HCU update happened in 2023, I read several times on twitter, that surviving websites where either: forums, local, e-commerce, had a unique tool (like ubersuggest by neil pattel), so that is exactly what I did: I created a scale convertor on a subdomain, added the forum, and also going to add either Shopify or WooCommerce.
Lots of my remaining Google traffic is now pointed towards posts on my forum, just articles I SHARED from my main blog posts, which is quite weird to see, but hey it works!
And the terrific thing happening to me now is that a big brand that reached out to me before, has reached out again recently and they are offering me now to give me a do-follow link to my blog for a new product review they just released, which would be amazing, because they also have a very large following on socials!
Plus , a NEW and BIG brand of DIY kits has also reached out to me, and they will also link from their website to mine, a brand that has ads everywhere I go on socials. I gave the DIY kit to my nephew to build it, I can't do it all, ugh lol!
So for lots of important keywords, apparently, I am still ranking well on Google, or they wouldn't reach out to me, little Lizzy's website, for sure hahaha!
For Shopify, maybe there is existing software, like for Etsy stores' SEO? Maybe Diane knows more about this :-)
In general, I think it is hard to say anyway, because things are changing in a very fast pace. Just the other day, I read that ChatGPT alone has a rising search traffic already, and I noticed that the new generations step away from Google anyway.
On an excisting website: I would put the focus now on updating old blog posts, the ones worth keeping.